国际贸易专有名词及翻译

1.Uneven distribution

2. comparative advantage

3. absolute advantage.

4 cost advantage

5 market share

6 economies of scale

7 labor /capital /tech/resource

intensive economy

8 supplying /demanding country

1.

2.比较优势

3绝对优势

4.成本优势

5.市场份额

6 规模经济

7劳动/资金/技术/资源密集型经济

8供给/需求国

9. Foreign/local currency

10. Exchange rate

11. Target market

12.Export license

13.Quota

14. Cargo flow : import/export /transit trade

9. 外/本币

10. 汇率

11. 目标市场

12.出口许可证

13. 定量、配额

14: (进、出口、过境)贸易

15.Credit reference

http://www.wendangku.net/doc/94cee399a31614791711cc7931b765ce04087a2d.htmlmodity inspection

17.Customs clearance

18.Direct /indirect/ Entrepot trade

19.International/Domestic trade

20.Export license

15.资信证明

16.商检

17. 清关、结关

18. 直接、间接、转口贸易

19.国际、国内贸易

20 出口许可证

21.General/Special trade

22.Direct / Indirect trade

23.Forms of good: Visible/ Invisible Goods trade

24.:settlement instrument:Barter/ free-liquidation trade 21. 一般贸易/特殊贸易

22.直接/间接贸易

23.有形、无形产品贸易

24.易货、自由结算贸易

mate’s receipt收货单、大副收据

shipping note装货通知单

the bill of lading提单

shipping advice 发货通知书

1.consumer durables

2.quote a price

3.cross-border transactions

4.customary practice

5.loading fee

6.dividing line

7.actual delivery

1.耐用消费品

2. 报价

3. 跨境(国界)交易

4. 惯例

5. 装载费

6. 分界线

7. 实际交货

10.arrival contract

11. Customs clearance

12. Customs formalities

13. delivery

14. inspection

15. Means of transport

10. 到达合同

11. 清关、结关

12. 报关手续

13. 交货

14. 检验

15. 运输工具

16.Mode of transport

17. Shipment contract

18. Symbolic delivery

19. Transfer of risks

16. 运输方式

17.装运合同

19. 象征交货

20. 风险转移

1: INCOTERMS 2010

(Rules for the interpretation of Trade Terms 2010)

2:ICC

3:RAFD(Revised American Foreign Trade Definitions)

4: QC

1.2010年国际贸易术语(通则)

2.国际商会

3.美国对外贸易定义修正本

4.质量控制、质量管理

1.EXW (EX works) 工厂交货

2.FCA (Free Carrier) 货交承运人

3.CPT (Carriage Paid To) 运费付至

4.CIP (Carriage and lnsurance Paid to) 运费、保险费付至

5.DAT (Delivered At Terminal) 运输终端交货

6.DAP (Delivered At Place) 目的地交货

7.DDP (Delivered Duty Paid) 完税后交货

8.FAS (Free Along Side) 船边交货

9.FOB (Free On Board) 船上交货

10.CFR (Cost and Freight) 成本加运费

11.CIF (Cost, Insurance and Freight) 成本、保险加运费

?1:FOB liner terms (FOB班轮条件) :

?buyer for all

?2:FOB under tackle(FOB吊钩下交货):

?buyer pays from the moment goods under the tackle

?3:FOB –stowed(FOB包括理舱费):

?seller loading and stowing

?4:FOB Trimmed (FOB包括平舱费): seller loading、trimming ?5:FOB stowed and trimmed (FOB包括理、平舱费

?seller loading \stowing and trimming

1、firm offers

2、offeror

3、offeree

4、terminate

5. acceptance

6 Counter-offer

7. enquiry

8. irrevocable offer

9 withdraw of an offer

1.实盘

2.发盘方(人)

3.受盘方(人)

4.终止

5.接受

6.还盘

7.询价

8.不可撤销发盘

9.撤回发盘

9 Validity period

10quotation of an offer

11Quote

12CISG(United Nations Convention on Contracts of International Sales of Goods)

9有效期

10 报盘

12 国际货物销售合同公约

形式发票(Proforma Invoice)

报价单(Quotation)

订单(Order)

Prices quoted should include insurance and freight to Liverpool.

报价应包括到利物浦的保险费和运费

?执事先生:

?

?从澳大利亚大使馆得悉贵公司在澳大利亚是出口羊毛材料的一家大公司。

?由于本地市场对羊毛材料的需求一直在增长,因此我公司愿在本地区成为第一个销售这种产品的公司。

?请邮寄贵方目录本、价目表以及能提供的各种样品,同时也请告知贵公司与其它公司做贸易所采用的付款方式。

?盼速复。

?谨启

?Dear Sirs,

?We learn with pleasure from the Australian Embassy in Beijing that you are producing for export wool sweater .

?There is a steady demand here for high-class goods of this type, especially in brighter colors.

?We would appreciate receiving your catalogue and full details of your export prices and terms of payment, together with any samples you can let us have.

?We look forward to hearing from you.

?Yours faithfully,

?敬启者:

?贵方九月五日关于羊毛材料的询盘已收悉。应要求,我方已另航邮去带有图解的说明书,价目表及样品本。

?有关付款方式,我们贸易的一贯做法是采用保兑的不可撤销的信用证。

?由于质地优良,价格合理,我们的羊毛材料多年来在世界市场享有盛誉。我们相信我们的产品一定会帮助你们扩大市场销路。

?盼早复。

谨启

Dear Sirs:

Thank you for your inquiry of Sept. 5 on wool material As requested, we have already sent you the illustrated brochures, price list and sample by airmail.

?Concerning the terms of payment , our usual practice is confirmed,irrevocable letter of credit(L/C).

Over the years, our wool material has the high reputation of good quality and reasonable prices in the world market. We believe that our products will help you to expand market .

We look forward to your early reply.

Yours faithfully,

?Four components in a standard format of a price:

? A code of currency: USD, CAD,CNY, EUR, GBP(货币代码)

? A number indicating(表示)the price unit

? A unit for measuring quantity: kg, gr, m/t, yd, set

? A certain trade term: FOB, CFR, CIF

?Examples:

?USD225.30/piece CIF New York

?FOB Guangzhou EUR12.80/set

?Cost of production(生产成本)

?Direct cost(直接成本): material costs, labour costs, allocation of fixed costs, packing costs, etc.

?Administrative costs: overhead经常费用

?Cost of sales

?Marketing costs: advertising, sales trip expenses, commissions ,

intermediary services

?Cost of delivery

?Warehousing and transporting charge, insurance premium保险费,

taxes税收and tariffs征收关税, customs duties (进口税)?Anticipated profit margin(预期利润率)

?in an absolute number

?in a percentage →profit margin

?Capability of target market(目标市场潜力)

?Referring to the consumption power(消费能力), income level, supply and demand relationship需求关系The higher the capital income of the target

market, the higher the price

?Payment terms(付款条件)

?The lower the financing charges, the higher the risk of payment ?Other factors to be considered

?foreign exchange rates

?international market price for similar products

policies and regulations规章制度in a particular

?If FOB price is available

–CFR = FOB + Ocean Freight

?Ocean freight(海洋运费)

–Provided by shipping lines(航运公司)

–Quoted as packaged price(组合价格)

–Others like “additionals”and “surcharges”(附加费)

–CIF If FOB price is available = FOB + Ocean Freight + Insurance Premium

?If CFR price is available

–CIF = CFR + Insurance Premium

?Calculation of Insurance Premium (I)

–Based on contract value/invoice value +

– A markup(上浮,涨价幅度)(normally 10%) to cover incidental costs(杂费)–Formula: I = CIF x (1+10%) x Premium Rate (R)(保险费率)

?Therefore

–CIF = CFR + CIF x (1+10%) x Premium Rate (R) or

–CIF = CFR / (1 –110% x R)

?Conversion of FOB to other prices

?CFR = FOB + F

–CIF = (FOB + F) / [1 –(1+markup) x R]

?Conversion of CFR to other prices

–FOB = CFR –F

–CIF = CFR / [1 –(1+markup) x R]

?Conversion of CIF to other prices

–FOB = CIF x [1 –(1+markup) x R] –F

–CFR = CIF x [1 –(1+markup) x R]

?Net price(净价,实价)= basic costs + profit

?Commission

–An incentive payment made to the middlepersons for their intermediary services

–Expressed in a fixed figure or in a percentage

–Examples

?CFR London GBP100 per doz, including 2% commission

?USD200 per M/T CIFC2% London

?CIFC3 Hamburg USD100/set

?Two ways of calculating计算commission

–based on invoice/contract value

? C = contract value x C rate

–based on FOB or FCA:

?Under such terms as CFR, CIF, C is calculated before F(freight) and I( insurance) are deducted

?Formula:

– C = price including C (FOB/FCA) x C rate

–Net price = price including C (FOB/FCA) –C

= price including C x (1- C rate)

–Price including C (FOB/FCA) = net price / (1-C rate)

–a llocation cost 分摊成本

–fixed cost 固定成本

–overhead 管理经费

–insurance premium保险费

–tariff 关税

–outlet 甩卖,工厂清仓

–Factory price 出厂价

–Consumption power 消费能力

–Per capita income 个人平均收入

–segment 市场细分

–Production cost 生产成本

–Marketing strategy 营销策略

–Sales cost 销售成本

–Delivery cost 运送成本

–Financing cost 融资成本

–anticipated profit 预期利润

–terms of payment 付款方式

–cost-plus pricing 成本加成定价法–marginal cost pricing 边际成本定价法

–buyer based pricing 买方价值定价法competition based pricing 竞争定价法

export profit margin28 出口盈亏率

export cost for foreign exchang出口换汇成本

?break-even point 盈亏平衡点

?Local currency 本币

?markup 加价,上浮

?Face value 票面值,表面价值

?premium rate 保险率

?net price净价

?commission 佣金

?discount折扣

?Exchange rate汇率

?Final price最终价格

?total price总价

?unfixed price非固定价

?money of account计价货币

?initial pric 最初价格

?Money of payment支付货币

?Unit price 单价

?Price adjustment clause 价格调整条款

?Price including commission含佣价

?rebate 减免、退款

?wage index工资指数

?出现下列一类的词句者,皆为虚盘:

?- Without engagement. 不负任何责任。

?- Subject to prior sale. 有权先售。

?- All quotations are subject to our final confirmation unless otherwise stated.

?所作报价,除特别注明外,须经我方确认后方能生效。

- Our offer is subject to approval of export license. 出口许可证准许签证,我方报价才有效卖方发盘,或称“售货发盘”(Selling Offer)

买方发盘,或称“购货发盘”(Buying Offer),习称“递盘”(Bid)

?offer 报盘,报价

?to offer for 对...报价

?to make an offer for 对...报盘(报价)

?firm offer 实盘

?non-firm offer 虚盘

?to forward an offer (or to send an offer) 寄送报盘

to get an offer(or to obtain an offer) 获得...报盘

?to cable an offer (or to telegraph an offer) 电报(进行)报价

?offer and acceptance by post 通过邮政报价及接受

?to accept an offer 接受报盘

?to entertain an offer 考虑报盘

?to give an offer 给...报盘

?to submit an offer 提交报盘

official offer 正式报价(报盘)

?指示性价格price indication

?速复reply immediately

?参考价reference price

?习惯做法usual practice

?交易磋商business negotiation

?不受约束without engagement

?业务洽谈business discussion

?限**复subject to reply **

?限* *复到subject to reply reaching here **

有效期限time of validity

?有效至**: valid till **

?购货合同purchase contract

?销售合同sales contract

?购货确认书purchase confirmation

?销售确认书sales confirmation

?一般交易条件general terms and conditions

?以未售出为准subject to prior sale

?需经卖方确认subject to seller"s confirmation

?需经我方最后确认subject to our final confirmation

?凭规格买卖sale by specification

?凭等级买卖sale by grade

?凭标准买卖sale by standard

?凭说明书买卖sale by illustration

?凭品牌或商标买卖sale by brand or trade mark

?凭产地名称买卖sale by name of origin

?凭说明书和图样买卖sale by description and illustration

? F.A.Q.(fair average quality)良好平均品质

?G.M.Q.(good merchantable quality)上好可销品质。

合同中的品质条款

?(一)基本内容(见例)

?1、Sample No.612 Cloth Doll

?2、White Rice,Long-Shaped,

?Broken Grains(max.)25%

?Admixture(max.)0.25%

?Moisture(max.)15%

?3、T101 MAXAM Dental Cream

?Quality as per sample No.123 and technical feature indicated in the illustrations submitted by seller.

?品质以卖方提供的第123号样品和说明书的技术标准为准。

?5、Quality and technical data as per Seller‘s catalogue page 123 and line 16.

?品质和技术数据以卖方提供的样本第123页第16行为准。

?、Quality and technical data to be in conformity with the attached technical agreement which forms an integral part of this contract.

?品质和技术数据符合本合同所附技术协议书。

?机动幅度(Quality latitude):规定范围(38/39“)

规定极限(max. min.)

规定上下差异(2% more or less)

品质公差(Quality tolerance):国际、行业公认、合同规定

?品质的增减价条款:

含油量每±1%,合同价格±1.5%

?常用计量单位:

?千克(Kilogram, kg.)

?吨(ton, t)

?公吨(metric ton, m/t)

?长吨(long ton, 1/t)

?短吨(short ton ,s/t)

?公担(quintal. q.)

?克(gram, gm.)

?磅(pound, lb.)

?盎司(ounce, oz)

?克拉(carat, car)

?适用货物:一般天然产品,以及部分工业制成品。如,羊毛、棉花、谷物、矿产品、油类、沙盐、药品等。

?码(yard, yd.)

?米(meter, m.)

?英尺(foot, ft)

?厘米(centi-meter, cm.)

?公里(kilometer, km )

适用货物:纺织品匹头、绳索、电线电缆等。

?箱case;c. c/s

?只piece; pc

?纸箱carton

?件package; pkg

?听tin

?包bale

?打dozen; doz.

?罐can

?桶drum or barrel

?套set

?盒box

?袋sack or bag

?瓶bottle

?篓/筐basket

?罗gross; gr(12 doz)

?大罗great gross(12 gr)

?令ream; rm

?卷roll

?张piece/sheet

?双pair

?对yoke

?头head

常用单位:

?平方英尺square foot,sq.ft

?平方码square yard, sq.yd

?平方米square meter,sq.m

适用货物:玻璃板、地毯、皮制产品、塑料制品等。如:塑料篷布,塑料地板、皮革、铁丝网等。

常用单位:

?平方英尺square foot,sq.ft

?平方码square yard, sq.yd

?平方米square meter,sq.m

适用货物:玻璃板、地毯、皮制产品、塑料制品等。如:塑料篷布,塑料地板、皮革、铁丝网等。

?立方米cubic meter, cu.m

?立方英尺cubic foot, cu.ft

?立方码cubic yard, cu.yd

?适用货物:天然气、化学气体,木材等。

?公升(litre, or l.),

?加仑(gallon, or gal.)

?蒲式耳(bushel, or bu.)

适用货物:谷物类,以及部分流体、气体物品。如,小麦、玉米;煤油、汽油,酒精、啤酒、双氧水、天然瓦斯等。

、毛重GROSS WEIGHT

净重NET WEIGHT

理论重量THEORETICAL WEIGHT

、法定重量LEGAL WEIGHT

运输标志(Shipping Mark)

指示性标志(Indicative Mark)

警告性标志(Warning Mark)

中性包装(Neutral Packing

OEM(原始设备制造商)到ODM(原始设计制造商)到OBM(原始品牌制造商)

正常提单(Current B/L)它是指在信用证的条件下,卖方在信用证规定的交单期内提交给银行议付货款的提单。

?过期提单(stale B/L)过期提单有两种含义:

①是指出口商在装船后延滞过久才交到银行议付的提单;

②是提单晚于货物到达目的港,这种提单也称为过期提单。这种情况是近洋运输中经常出现的,所以,近洋国家间的贸易合同一般都规定有“过期提单也可接受”(stale B/L is acceptable)的条款。

倒签提单(Anti-dated B/L)

?承运人应托运人的要求,签发提单的日期早于实际装船日期的提单。目的是符合信用证对装船日期的规定,便于在信用证下结汇。

预借提单(Advanced B/L)

?又称无货提单,它是指在信用所结汇期,即信用证的有效期即将届满,而货物尚未装船或尚未装船完毕的情况下,托运人为了能及时结汇,而要求承运人提前签发的已装船清洁提单。

?保险人或承保人----保险公司(Insurer)

?被保险人或投保人----要保人(Insured)

?保险标的---- 保险对象

?保险价值----保险标的的货币计算(Insured Value)

?保险金额----是被保险人对保险标的的实际保金额, 也是保险人计算报废和承担赔偿责任的最大限度的依据.

1.可保利益(insurable interest)原则

投保人对保险标的具有保险利益。国际货运保险要求在保险标的发生损失时必须具有保险利益。

2.最大诚信(utmost good faith)原则

双方恪守信用,保险人说明保险条款内容,投保人应就重要事实的申报、保证。

3.经济补偿(indemnity)原则

近因(proximate cause)原则

保险人只对承保风险与保险标的损失之间有直接因果关系的损失负赔偿责任,对保险责任范围外的风险造成的保险标的的损失,不承担赔偿责任。

5. 代位求偿(Subrogation)原则

当损失是由于第三方造成,通常情况,保险人向第三方追偿或向保险人追偿,二选一。

若先选择向保险人追偿,则保险人代被保险人追偿由于第三方对于保险标的造成的损失的赔偿

6.分担(Share)原则

重复保险分摊原则是指投保人向多个保险人重复保险时,投保人的索赔只能在保险人之间分摊,赔偿金额不得超过损失金额。

海上风险(perils of the sea

外来风险(extraneous risks

实际全损(actual total loss )

推定全损(constructive total loss)

单独海损(particular average)

共同海损(general average)

施救费用(sue and labor expenses)

救助费用(salvage charges)

水渍险(with particular average, W . P . A . )

一切险(all risks, A . R .

一般附加险(General Additional Insurance)

特别附加险(Special Additional Insurance)

?平安险、水渍险和一切险的起止时间采用

“仓对仓条款”(warehouse to warehouse clause)W/W

?保险公司对被保险货物所承担的保险期限为:从被保险货物远离保险单上载明的起运港(地)发货人的仓库开始,包括运输过程,一直到货物运达保险单载明的目的港(地)收货人的仓库为止。

1.协会货物(A)险条款

Institute Cargo Clauses A ,简称ICC(A)

2. 协会货物(B)险条款

Institute Cargo Clauses B, 简称ICC(B

协会货物(C)险条款

Institute Cargo Clauses C, 简称ICC(C)

4.协会战争险条款(货物)

(Institute War Clauses -- Cargo);

5.协会罢工险条款(货物)

(Institute Strikes Clauses -- Cargo);

6.恶意损害险条款

(Malicious Damage Clauses)

承保范围(risks covered)

除外责任(exclusions)、

保险期限(duration)、

索赔(claims)、

保险利益(benefit of delay)、

减少损失(minimizing losses)、

防止延迟(avoidance of delay)

法律惯例(law and practice)。

?Insurance policy 保险单(大保单)

?Insurance certificate 保险凭证(小保单)

?Cargo Transportation Insurance 货物运输保险

http://www.wendangku.net/doc/94cee399a31614791711cc7931b765ce04087a2d.htmlmercial expediency

2.premium

3.insurant

4.underwriter

5.scope of coverage

6.The indemnified

7.the assured

8.the insurer

9.the claimant

10.insurable interest

11.the insurable interest principle

1. 商业便利

2. 保险费

3. 被保险人

4. 保险公司

5. (保险)责任范围

6. 被赔偿者

7. 被保险人

8、承保人,保险公司

9:赔偿请求人

10 可保利益

11、可保利益原则

12. pecuniary

13. policy

14. void

15. The utmost good faith principle

16. peril

17. The indemnity principle

12. 金钱的

13. 保险单

14 无效的

15. 信任原侧

16. 危险

17. 赔偿原则

18. The proximate cause principle

19 . The subrogation principle

20.The share principle

21 . Actual total loss

22. Combined certificate

23、constructive total loss

24、contribution

25、exclusion

26、external risks

27、extraneous risks

18、近因原则

19、代位原则

20、分摊原则

21、实际全损

22、联合保险凭证

23、推定全损

24、分摊

25、除外责任

26、外部险

27 附加险

28. Fortuitous risks

29 . Franchise

30. General average

31 . General risks

32. Insurance certificate

33、insurance claim

34、insurance cover

35、insurance policy

36、insurance premium

37、insurance rate

28. 意外险

29. 免赔率

30.共同海损

31、一般险

32、保险凭证

33、保险索赔

34、保险范围

35、保险单

36、保险费

37、保险费率

38. Natural calamity

39 . Open policy

40. Partial loss

41 . Particular average

42. Perils of the sea

43、special risks

44、subject matter

45、sum insured

46、total loss

47、unexpected accidents

38. 自然灾害

39. 预约保险单

40. 部分损失

41、单独海损

42、海上风险

43、特种险

44、标的物

45、投保金额

46、全损

47 意外事故

1: CIC

2: FPA

3: GA

4: ICC

5: IOP

6: PICC

7: SRCC

8: TPND

9:WPA

10: W/W Clause

1. 中国保险条款

2. 平安险

3.共同海损分担

4.伦敦保险业条款

5.不计免赔

6.中国人民保险公司

7.罢工暴动内乱险

8.偷窃、提货不着险

9:水渍险

10.仓至仓条款

?The insurable interest principle 可保利益原则?The utmost good faith principle最大诚信原则?The indemnity principle赔偿原则

?The proximate principle近因原则

?The subrogation principle 代位求偿原则

?The share principle分摊原则

1.出票(Issue)

2.提示(Presentation)

3.承兑(Acceptance)

4.付款(Payment

5.背书(Endorsement

6.拒付和追索(Dishonor&Recourse

付款交单(D/P)

承兑交单(D/A)

D/P即期付款方式

D/P after 90 days付款

信用证(Letter of Credit,L/C)

.预支信用证(anticipatory

L/C)

.循环信用证(revolving credit)

备用信用证(Standby Letter of Credit)

1.acceptance

2.anticipatory credit

3.back to back credit

4.beneficiary

5.bill of exchange

6.check

7.clean bill

8.clean collection

9.clean credit

10.confirmed L/C

11.deferred payment

12.discount

1. 承兑

2. 预支信用证

3. 背对背信用证

4. 受益人、收款人

5. 汇票

6. 支票

7. 光票

8. 光票托收

9. 光票信用证

10. 保兑信用证

11.延付货款

12.贴现

12. Documentary bill

13. Documentary letter of credit

14. endorsement

15. Factoring

16. forfeiting

17. Irrevocable

12. 跟单汇票

13. 跟单信用证

14. 背书

15. 保理

16. 福费庭、包买票据

17. 不可撤销的

18. Paying instrument

19 . Payment by installment

20.Payment by advance

21 . Payment term

22. presentation

23、promissory note

24、reciprocal credit

25、red clause credit

26、remittance

27、revocable L/C

18、支付工具

19、分期付款

20、预付

21、付款条件

22、提示

23、本票

24、对开信用证

25、红条款信用证

26、汇付

27 可撤销信用证

28. Revolving credit

29 . Sight draft

30. Sight L/C

31 . Standby L/C

32. tenor

33、time/usance draft

34、transferable L/C

28. 循环信用证

29. 即期汇票

30.即期信用证

31. 备用信用证

32. 期限

33. 远期汇票

34. 可转让信用证

1: D/D

2: M/T

3: T/T

4: D/P

5: D/A

6: FCI

7: L/C

8: L/G

9: URC 522

10: UCP600

1.即期汇票

2.信汇

3.电汇

4.付款交单

5.承兑交单

6.国际保理联合商会

7.信用证

8.保函

9.托收统一规则

10.跟单信用证统一惯例600

11.Disputes, Claim and Arbitration

12.争议、索赔、仲裁

13.