精编优选练(十一) “语法填空＋短文改错”组合练11(限时：30分钟)
[题组一]
Ⅰ.语法填空
Harvard is older than the United States. In the early 1630s some settlers suggested that a university 1.____________ (found) just to improve the quality of their descendants so that they could 2.____________ (well) build the new home. Thus, it was established in 1636 by vote of the Great and General Court of the Massachusetts Bay Colony.
Like many other 3.____________ (university) at that time, the Harvard at the early stage often ran into financial crisis. The school board often had to go to Europe to raise 4.____________ (donate), but as you can predict, they often came back 5.____________ their hands empty.
In 1638, John Harvard, pastor of Charlestown, passed away. He left his library and half his estate to the institution, 6.____________ were the biggest donation ever since its establishment. Therefore, the university was named after his name. Today, you can find a statue of John Harvard 7.____________ (stand) in front of the University Hall in Harvard Yard, and it is perhaps the University"s best 8.____________ (know) landmark.
Like other world famous universities, Harvard also has many colleges and Harvard Business School is one of them. There is 9.____________ saying in education that Harvard is the crown of American education 10.____________ Harvard Business School is the shining diamond on it.
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文。哈佛大学历史悠久，是当时的殖民者为了提高他们后代的文化素质而建立的。文章介绍了哈佛大学创建初期遇到的困难、名称的来历及其地位。
1．解析：考查被动语态和虚拟语气。主语a university和动词found之间是动宾关系，故用被动语态；suggest表示“建议”时，后接从句，从句用虚拟语气，谓语动词用(should＋)动词原形。
答案：be founded
2．解析：考查副词的比较级。十七世纪三十年代早期，一些殖民者建议建立一所大学以提高他们后代的素质，这样他们就能更好地建造新的家园。根据语境可知，空处表示“更好地”，故用副词比较级。
答案：better
3．解析：考查名词的复数形式。和当时的其他许多大学一样，早期的哈佛大学经常遭遇金融危机。university为可数名词，该处表示“其他许多大学”，故该处用复数形式。
答案：universities
4．解析：考查名词。学校董事会经常不得不去欧洲筹集捐款，但正如你所能预测的，他们经常空手而归。根据该句中的及物动词raise可知，空处作该及物动词的宾语，故用名词形式。
答案：donation(s)
5．解析：考查介词。with表示“具有，带有”，符合语境。
答案：with
6．解析：考查定语从句。分析该句结构可知，该句为非限制性定语从句，句中his library and half his estate为先行词，故用which引导该定语从句。
答案：which
7．解析：考查现在分词。今天，你可以在哈佛校园的大学礼堂前找到一尊站立着的John Harvard的雕像，这也许是这所大学最著名的地标。a statue of John Harvard和动词stand之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词作宾语补足语。
答案：standing
8．解析：考查形容词。根据空处后的名词“landmark”可知，空处修饰该名词，表示“知名的，著名的”，故用形容词known。
答案：known
9．解析：考查不定冠词。该处泛指“一句格言”，且saying的发音以辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词a。
答案：a
10．解析：考查连词。在教育界有一句名言：哈佛是美国教育的王冠，哈佛商学院是它的闪亮之星。空前的“Harvard is the crown of American education”和空后的“Harvard Business School is the shining diamond on it”为并列关系，故用连词and。
答案：and
Ⅱ.短文改错
Dear Mom，
I"m now in the United States, a country so differently from China. Everything is fresh but
interesting! I have made some friends there and they are very kind. Still, you know how much I miss you and your cooking. The mere thought of the dishes you prepare makes my mouth to water. My friends had some strange ways of describing their hungry.For instance ，“ I can eat a horse ！” It"s a little confused, hmm? I"m also sending you a few record of our daily conversations, from that you can hear real American English. It may be useful to you as English teacher.
答案：
Dear Mom ，
I"m now in the United States, a country so differently different from China. Everything is fresh but and interesting! I have made some friends there here
and they are very kind. Still, you know how much I
miss you and your cooking. The mere thought of the dishes you prepare makes my mouth water. My friends had have some strange ways of describing their hungry hunger
.For instance ，“ I can eat a horse ！” It"s a little confused confusing ， hmm? I"m also sending you a few record records
of our daily conversations, from that which you can hear real American English. It may be useful to you as ∧an
English teacher. [题组二]
Ⅰ.语法填空
China has always been famous for being a “ State of Etiquette (礼仪) ” .According to historical documents, as early as 2, 600 years ago, this nation has already established a thorough set
1.____________ dining etiquette.
A famous 19th century Russian writer, Anton Chekhov, once invited a Chinese man 2.____________ (have) a drink in a bar. Chekhov said ，“Before drinking from his cup, he held 3.____________with his hands and presented to me and the bar owner and bartenders, 4.____________ (say) ‘qing (please)’. This is the custom of China. They are not like us to finish it in one drink, 5.____________prefer to drink by taking a small amount at a time. With every sip (一小口), he 6.____________ (eat) some food. Afterwards he handed me some Chinese 7.____________ (coin) to show gratitude.This is a rather interestingly polite nationality... ” This was the most valuable opinion of a Chinese person
8.____________ was given by a foreigner two centuries ago. Chinese traditional dinner procedures used to be long and dealt 9.____________ (serious) with; the 10.____________ (important) the occasion, the more complex the procedures were.
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过讲述一位俄罗斯作家邀请一个中国人在酒吧喝酒的经过，描述了中国人的就餐礼仪。
1．解析：考查固定搭配。根据历史文献记载，早在2 600年前，这个国家就已经建立了一套完整的就餐礼仪。a set of为固定搭配，意为“一套，一系列”。
答案：of
2．解析：考查动词不定式。19世纪时一位名叫Anton Chekhov的俄罗斯作家邀请一个中国人去酒吧喝酒。invite sb.to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“邀请某人做某事”，故用动词不定式to have。
答案：to have
3．解析：考查代词。根据该句中的“Before drinking from his cup，he held____3____ with his hands”可知，空处指代该句中的“cup”，故用it。在喝酒之前，他手举着杯子，向“我”和酒吧老板及酒吧服务员说“请”。
答案：it
4．解析：考查现在分词。该句主语为he，和动词say之间为逻辑上的主谓关系；空处和谓语动词held 和presented之间为伴随关系，故用现在分词作伴随状语。
答案：saying
5．解析：考查连词。空前表示他们不像我们那样一口喝下，空后表示他们更喜欢一次喝一小口；根据上下文可知，空处前后为转折关系，故用转折连词but。
答案：but
6．解析：考查动词的时态。根据该段第一句中的“A famous 19th century Russian writer, Anton Chekhov, once invited a Chinese man”可知，该处叙述的是19世纪发生的事情，故用一般过去时。
答案：ate
7．解析：考查名词的复数形式。coin为可数名词，根据该句中的“some”可知，空处用其复数形式。此处表示此后，他递给“我”一些中国硬币以表示感激。
答案：coins
8．解析：考查定语从句。分析该句结构可知，该句为定语从句，句中的opinion of a Chinese person 为先行词，该先行词被最高级the most valuable修饰，且在从句中作主语，故用that引导该定语从句。
答案：that
9．解析：考查副词。根据空处前的动词dealt可知，空处修饰该动词，故用副词形式。
答案：seriously
10．解析：考查形容词的比较级。此处表示场合越重要，则礼仪就越复杂。该句使用了“the＋比较级．..，the＋比较级．..”，表示“越……，越……”。
答案：more important
Ⅱ.短文改错
An opening week held in our school last week so that we could show a great achievements we made in art education.
The art works exhibition went on from Monday to Friday，exhibit the excellent art works, such as paper cuts, paintings and flower arrangements. Both of the art works were created by the students of our school. That attracted the public most was the singing and dancing performances in Friday afternoon. All these activities draw the close attention of the public and parents as well, receiving high praises from the public.
Through these activity, the public has a better understanding of our school. As a result of, we all think that the opening week was of great successful.
答案：
An opening week ∧
was held in our school last week so that we could show a
the
great
achievements we made in art education.
The art works exhibition went on from Monday to Friday，exhibit
exhibiting
the excellent art works,
such as paper cuts, paintings and flower arrangements. Both
All
of the art works were created by the
students of our school. That
What
attracted the public most was the singing and dancing performances
in on Friday afternoon. All these activities draw
drew
the close attention of the public and parents as well,
receiving high praises from the public.
，the public has a better understanding our school. As a result of, Through these activity
activities
we all think that the opening week was of great successful
.
success