1929年与2008年经济危机的影响比较内容摘要：文章首先对1929-1933年经济危机进行了回顾，并了介绍此次经济危机产生的原因、影响。1929年经济危机对世界产生了巨大的影响，从经济、政治、军事等社会的各个方面影响了世界。然后对2008年世界经济危机做了概况介绍。也分析了这次经济危机对世界产生的影响。最后本文从各个方面比较了两次经济危机对世界和中国产生的影响。关键词：经济危机 资本主义基本矛盾 影响 大萧条引言:20世纪初的那场经济危机是一场空前的大灾难，它是资本主义历史上持续时间最长，波及范围最广，打击最为沉重的一次经济危机。它对世界的发展产生了巨大的影响。而2008年的金融海啸也同样有巨大的破坏力，这场经济危机将对世界经济格局产生巨大影响。一．1929年经济危机的概况1929年10月24日，美国纽约证券交易所股市崩溃，这一天被称为“黑色星期四”。接着席卷整个资本主义世界，危机直到1933年才基本结束。危机波及范围很广，震撼了整个资本主义世界，影响到了贸易，信贷，国际债务等多个方面。此次危机也被称为大萧条。危机造成了巨大的破坏力。“在所有的工业国里，生产急剧下降，失业增多，出口减少。以1929年为100，美国1932年的生产为54，德国为53，法国为69，英国为84.”①“世界上较为贫困国家的收入所以依赖的初级农产品价格下跌得更剧。1933年1月，以黄金价格计算的橡胶价格仅为1929年1月的13%，羊毛为22%，丝为28%，铜为29%，棉花为34%，大米和咖啡为41%，小麦为42%，食糖为50%。虽然矿物产量减少了，农产品的产量却没有下降。但是，收入的急剧减少导致了严重的贫穷和国际贸易的剧烈收缩。在1929至1932年第三季度期间，国际贸易的价值减少了65%以上，而非欧洲国家之间的贸易下降到了不足30%” ②。整个资本主义世界的工业生产总值下降了44%。各国在危机下选择了不同了的道路，德国、日本等国，实行国民经济军事化，从而走上了法西斯道路；美国总统罗斯福大刀阔斧的进行了改革，从而走上了国家垄断资本主义的道路。危机使得各国展开贸易战，经济战。各资本主义国家之间的矛盾日益尖锐，在一定程度上推动了第二次世界大战的爆发。二．有关1929年经济危机原因的各种解释1929年经济危机是资本主义历史上的一次大劫难，各国专家也对此有过分析。著名经济学家约翰·凯恩斯认为：“大萧条是由于工商界信心的丧失，导致投资支出锐减所致。”而米尔顿·弗里德曼和安娜·施瓦茨则认为联邦政府失当的货币政策是大萧条的罪魁祸首。弗里德曼认为货币增长率应该与国民生产总值的增长率相适应，货币供应量的变动会引起经济波动，如货币供应量的下降会引起通货紧缩，物价下跌甚至带来衰退乃至萧条。史学家阿瑟·林克认为消费不足是大萧条的原因所在。制度学派经济学家约翰·加尔布雷斯则提出五大因素，他们是分配不均、公司结构不合理、银行体系欠佳、外贸收支情况不妙、经济学家们的相关知识跟不上时代要求。而现任麻省理工学院经济学教授皮得·特明指出，危机的原因在于消费的下降。③总之，上述经济学家从货币，制度，消费等方面分析了1929年经济危机发生的原因，但是他们并未涉及经济危机发生的根本原因。三．2008年经济危机的概况2008年经济危机又被称为世界金融危机，信贷危机，信用危机。2008年9月14日，美国雷曼兄弟公司提出破产申请，同一天，美林证券宣布被美国银行收购。这两件事标志着2008年9月全球股市大崩盘的序幕。在9月15日和9月17日全球股市市值出现暴跌情形。各国政府相继推出经济刺激计划，并且加强了国际合作。但直至今天，这场金融风暴仍在影响者世界经济发展。比如说现在的欧洲债务危机，世界经济仍然低迷……都与此次危机有极大地关系。全球金融市场急剧恶化，汇市波澜起伏，波动剧烈美元兑欧元先贬后升，起伏较大，波动幅度达到30%。全球股市大幅受下挫，道琼斯﹑日经指数分别创下2003年以来的新低，2008年到道琼斯指数最大值为13058.2，最小值为7552.29，极差系数为50%，全年累计跌幅32.%；纳斯达克指数最大值为2549.9，最小值为7162.9，极差系数为57%，累计跌幅为37.9%；日经指数225指数最大值为14691.41，最小值为7162.9，极差系数高达62%，累计跌幅为39.7%。③实体经济持续下滑，全球GDP（国内生产总值）增长、价格水平（从年中开始）、就业水平和国际贸易持续下行。经济增长全面放缓。俄罗斯、韩国、马来西亚和泰国2008年第三季度GDP同比增长率分别从第一季度的8.5%、5.8%、7.1%和6%回落至6.4%、3.9%、5.8%和4%；中国台湾和新加坡第三季度GDP同比分别下降1%和0.6%，均为2001年以来首次出现负增长，而一季度却分别增长6.2%和6.9%。而世界经济龙头美国，它她的国民经济研究局（NBER）则在2007年12月宣布美国经济以已进入衰退。④世界就业形势总体恶化，美国失业率从1月份的4.9%持续上升至12月的7.8%；本的失业率也从1月份的3.8%上升至8月份的4.2%；欧元区的失业率也从7.3%到11月份的7.8%。这些数据都充分体现了这场经济危机的破坏性。⑤消费者和企业家信心低落。12月份，美国消费者信心指数从11月的44.9点降至38点，低于10月份的前期低点38.8点，创历史新低。12月份，欧元区消费者信心指数为负29.7点，环比跌4.6，为1992年开始统计该指标以来的新低。个人消费和工业生产持续下滑。据世界银行统计，2008年9月份和10月份全球工业生产同比分别下降0.6%和2.6%，为2002年3月份以来首次负增长。⑥四.有关2008年经济危机原因的各种解释“美国仰仗美元在国际金融体系中独特地位无节制的货币扩张是危机的根源。在国际金融体系中，美元作为主要储存货币和交易结算货币，享有独特的强势地位，使得美国可以几乎无限制的扩张货币，在全世界范围内造成流动性泛滥”而经济危机的周期性也是本次经济危机发生的原因之一。“房地产泡沫的破灭是金融危机的导火索。”也有人认为是由于美国次级房屋贷款违约剧增，信用紧缩而成。总而言之，都是从市场的剧烈变动的角度来论述的。五．两次经济危机的影响比较马克思主义政治经济学提出资本主义经济危机发生均有其根源，生产的社会化同生产资料和生产成果的资本主义私人占有形式之间的矛盾，即资本主义生产方式的矛盾是生产过剩的经济危机的根源。两次经济危机的发生都有共同的根源，但是却有不同的影响。（一）.从影响范围来看1929年经济危机是被公认为世界历史上影响范围最广的经济危机。1929年经济危机从美国开始，紧接着席卷整个世界市场，即使是当时的苏联，也受到了一些影响，只是积极方面占主导，经济危机爆发后，大批资本主义国家的科学家转向苏联发展，苏联也趁此机会廉价收购了大批欧洲的生产机器。2008年经济危机同样从美国开始，同样也是震动了整个世界市场，中国的出口受到金融危机的影响，出口增长速度放缓，贸易收益减少。欧洲也受到极大地影响。（二）.从影响时间看1929年经济危机持续到1933年才基本结束，而更有学者认为，知道第二次世界大战开始，美国才以军工行业的蓬勃发展摆脱经济危机。2008年经济危机直到2011依然对世界经济产生着影响。目前世界经济依然发展疲软。（三）.从对社会的影响上看1.从对世界形势看1929年经济危机不仅影响到了经济方面，还对政治，社会产生了巨大的影响。希特勒就是在当时经济危机的大背景下上台的，当时德国受到了巨大的打击，全国失业率很高。政府软弱无力，这时，希特勒上台，他采取国民经济军事化的手段来摆脱经济危机。这也给他发动第二次世界大战提供了前提。美国总统罗斯福实行了新政，给整个资本主义世界带来了巨大的影响，从此资本主义步入国家垄断资本主义时代。日本作为一个资源匮乏的岛国，在经济危机的打击下，国内矛盾尖锐，军国主义抬头。而苏联也在资本主义国家忙于应付经季危机的同时，大量引进西方国家的先进技术，高科技人才。总之，1929年经济危机对第二次世界大战有一定的推动作用。第二次世界大战过后，世界形势出现大的转变，出现了两个超级大国。2008年经济危机同样也对世界形势产生了影响，美国在危机中受到了巨大冲击，美国的国际地位也受到了影响，发展中国家的发言权得到了一定增加。美元世界货币的地位也受到了挑战，甚至有国家建议发行新的世界货币。同样，作为社会主义国家的中国的国际地位得到了一定提高，中国在抵抗危机中发挥了巨大作用，承担了自己的责任。而中东、北非国家在之后发生了一系列的政治变动，例如埃及、利比亚、突尼斯等等。世界一超多强的趋势将得到加强，将有利于世界的稳定。2.从对社会大众的影响看1929年经济危机造成了大面积的失业。社会普通民众的生活困难。当时甚至有人认为世界末日已经来临。大萧条期间有大约200-400万中学生辍学，许多人忍受不了生理和心理的痛苦而自杀，社会治安糟糕。大量的失业工人领取救济度日。无独有偶，2008年紧急危机也造成大量工人失业，2009年人口与劳动绿皮书显示：仅2008年一年中国就有4100万人由于金融危机的冲击而失业。其他国家的失业人数也很高。（四）.从对中国的影响看1929年经济危机一方面，使中国陷入白银升值和大量外流、国际贸易逆差、国内通货紧缩的境地，城乡经济社会出现了严重的危机。
另一方面，促使国民政府于1935年11月实行法币改革，也使得日后的中国经济走向了通胀之路。2008年经济危机使得我国对外贸易形势严峻，出口前景堪忧，对继续保持经济平稳较快增长造成一定压力。受国际因素影响，我国通货膨胀的潜在压力将持续存在，人民币升值压力增大。同时，中国庞大的外汇储备在抵抗危机中发挥了巨大作用，中国在世界舞台上的地位有了一定提高。六．结论经济危机是资本主义世界的特有情况。经济危机的影响多种多样，有相同点，也有不同点。经济危机的影响会随着时代的发展而产生变化。它的影响主要是产生大量失业人口，经济发展减缓甚至倒退。有的经济危机还会影响到政治、军事等社会的方方面面。注释： 转引自C·L.莫瓦特主编《剑桥世界近代史》，第12卷，中国社会科学出版社1987年版，第84页。
转引自C·L. 莫瓦特主编《剑桥世界近代史》，第12卷，中国社会科学出版社1987年版，第84页。
数据摘自国家统计局国际统计信息中心编《2008/09世界经济统计报告》，第5页。
数据摘自国家统计局国际统计信息中心编《2008/09世界经济统计报告》，第7页。
数据摘自国家统计局国际统计信息中心编《2008/09世界经济统计报告》，第11页。
数据摘自国家统计局国际统计信息中心编《2008/09世界经济统计报告》，第13页。文献参考：王舒丽.《政府干预与1865～1935年间的美国经济转型》.北京：人民出版社，2009国家统计局国际统计信息中心.《2008/09世界经济统计报告》.北京：中国统计出版社，2009.2 （美）本·S.伯南克.《大萧条》.大连：东北财经大学出版社，2007.4 刘诗白主编.《政治经济学》.成都：西南财经大学出版社，2010.8（2011.7重印）1929年与2008年经济危机影响比较One hundred party knowledgeThe current and future periods, the development of the party staff's work principle is: "adhere to the standards, and ensure the quality, improve the structure, Shen heavy development." this is according to the temporary task and team members, facing the party, and the experience of the development of party work since the founding of new China, put forward the basic lessons. The meaning of this policy is to show the party members must strictly adhere to the provisions of the constitution of the party standard, and ensure the quality of new party members, and should help to gradually improve the structure by team members, all to improve the quality of Party members, improve the fighting capacity of the party, strengthen the party in the whole society and influence cohesion.The development of party work "sixteen words" policy, is an organic whole of dialectical unity, to fully understand and grasp the "Kennedy. Adhere to the standard" refers to the development of Party members must strictly adhere to the provisions of the constitution of the Party member standard, not lower standards or other standards. "Quality assurance", is to correctly handle the number of fingers with the quality of work, relationships, need and possibility, put quality first. "Improve structure", refers to the development of new party members to pay attention to reasonable structure, gradually improve the structure and distribution of Party members of the team, and to better play the role. "The party carefully". Is a must adhere to the individual absorption The principle of the development of a mature one, and strictly perform in the admission procedure, to prevent the Party member does not have the conditions of the people absorbed into the party. In the development of party work, it must understand correctly and comprehensively implement the "twenty-six words" policy, and avoid one sidedness and blindness, to ensure that work normally.The Communist Party is the working class with communist consciousness of the vanguard fighters are materialists and no atheists. The Communist Party only faith Ma Marxism Leninism, Mao Zedong thought, Deng Xiao Xiaoping theory and "Three Represents" important thought, not religion. On religion or have a strong religious feelings of the people can not develop to join the party.China is a multi-ethnic country, the common belief on ethnic minority areas, to participate in some people with ethnic customs and religious activities. In order not to distinguish from the masses, and just respect the national custom, in addition to some traditional funeral ceremony and the masses festival activities, should not be regarded as a religious faith to participate in religious activitiesThe chapter states: over 18 years old China workers, peasants, soldiers, intellectuals and sub sub advanced elements of other social strata China can apply to join the Communist Party.This is because: stating that 18 is the age limit for the party, because of a general, one to 18 weeks old to adult, can have a really determined political judgment, have the ability to force established their political beliefs and personal life ambition. At the same time, the provisions of the constitution apply please join the party people must have Chinese nationality citizens, foreigners will not be workers, peasants, soldiers, intellectuals and knowledge of other social strata to the advanced elements.The condition is applied to join the party constitution first stipulation: "over the age of eighteen China workers, farmers, soldiers, intellectuals and other advanced elements of his class, that program and constitution of the party, the party is willing to participate in an organization and in which work actively, carry out party resolutions and schedule accept pay Party membership dues, may join the Communist Party of China China application." this is the minimum requirement of Party members.The "recognition of the party's program and constitution" for the party. Please condition because the Communist Party is to China is the creed of the party and the constitution as the basis, in accordance with the unified organization of democratic centralism woven together, is highly consistent. On the thought political revolutionaries from the composition of the combat team may not. Is a simple combination of individual members.The party's program and regulations stipulate the nature of the party, the guiding ideology of the party, the party in the basic line in the primary stage of socialism, the ultimate goal of the party and the party's self construction of the basic requirements, it is the highest standards of ideological unity in the party's actions. At the same time, the party's program and chapter charter regulate the political life of the party, the unity of the whole Party action and the handling of personal and group organization, the basic norms of the relationship between the organization and the organization. This platform, the nature and function of the party constitution, the party is decided it is established, the foundation of survival and development. The recognition program, the party is in the mind, politics, organization, action. The premise of the same height. If the party does not recognize the awakening and abide by the party's program and constitution, each line is the party will, from the ideological, political and organizational collapse. So the Party Constitution stipulates that each joining the party everyone must admit the party program and constitution.In an organization of the party, the Communist Party members must refer to a branch of the Department into the party, group or a specific organization, and the organizational life in which, accept supervision of the party. In this issue, Lenin Martov launched a fierce struggle to fight. Martov advocated just admit party Manifesto and constitution don't have to attend a party organization, Party members can do, what each of the strikers can even put forward the "name" party. Lenin firmly opposed to this claim, he believes the party members should not only admit party principle, constitution, an organization and must participate in the party. Only in this way can the party become free the production of advanced class The organization of the army team, formed a strong fighting collective body, shoulder the great historical mission. If the party that does not participate in the program, the chapter of the party organization, the party will become a distraction for the club.The party has the obligation to undertake allocation, party organization work, and try to do it well. The party organization work assigned, including the political work of the party and the party's mass work. For example, in Party organizations at all levels of leadership, participation in Party education, contact the Department in the work of the masses and the promotion of the mass transfer work, participate in the development of party work, participate in various mass organizations work and social work. The party organization should root according to the specific circumstances, to each party member assigned to suitable jobs, and to inspect and guide. Each party must consciously accept the party organization and complete the assigned tasks. Active play Exemplary vanguard role of Party members.The party's decision, is the achievement of the overall objectives of the party, the general task, in a certain period of time, for a job or something, or by Party Congress Party Congress or the Party committee collective discussion, all members must carry out the party's decisions are matters. The collective wisdom of the Communist party, reflects the party and the interests of the vast majority of Party members, party the success of the party's cause. If there is a different meaning for the party's resolution can be retained or to higher Party organizations until the central reflect, but the action will not have to perform take the required attitude. And each one takes what he needs but if Each party can go their own way, so party unity would suffer bad, there would be no party fighting. So, applicant for Party membership to carry out the party's resolution is necessary. It does not follow the party's resolution are not allowed to become party members.Because party members pay membership dues are party members care for the career of the party, the party's economic aid, is also a party has organized logo ideas. At the same time, according to pay membership dues, not just party organizations to pay some money, but also cultivate a sense of organization of various means of Party members, and more is the party with strong strong party spirit and strict performance requirements. The organization, Party comrades should fully understand the importance of pay membership dues, was approved as a probationary member, consciously according to certain standard pay dues.The Constitution also stipulates that if the party fails to pay dues, should be subject to serious criticism and education, even to give disciplinary action necessary. Party member if there is no legitimate reason not to pay dues for 66 consecutive months, is considered to be self defections, should make the decision of branch congress and approved by the higher Party organizations must this guidance, Party members removed.The requirements of each party membership will must be given to the party. Please apply for applicants for Party membership application please book is written into the party, in order to show that the political party organizations choose their solemn party organization, to learn about your own beliefs and requirements, to facilitate the party organization investigation to self consciousness land, education and training.Is the party application form to the applicant for Party membership to the party organizations to express their wishes, strictly speaking, no fixed format. But the general should include the following basic contents: why do you want to join the party, mainly write about their own understanding of the party and the motivation of joining the party machine; their political beliefs, grow through experience and thought, work, study, work style and other aspects of the situation. The Party of the party. His attitude towards how to actively seek to join the party organization, the expression of determination and future work have the requirements to join the party, learning, life and other aspects of the plan.In general, the party should join the party request by the applicant to the Party Organization formally submit a written application to join the party. So the request, because Chinese is the Communist Party is the realization of communism will be as a political group for their ultimate goal. Each of the group members, should consciously to do whatever on when and where to take the interests of the individual to obey the party and the people's interests, not out of difficulties and hardships, not afraid of bloodshed, as for the implementation of the party's programme of work actively to establish a life-long struggle for the cause of communism. The Party comrades, is a very serious matter. Apply to join the party meaning A well prepared for a member of the Communist Party's responsibility, in the time of the party and the people need, can hesitate to sacrifice yourself everything. It is not a constant emotional impulse, also no half little force and force, must adhere to the principle of completely Kennedy. Only willing to applicant for Party membership after serious consideration into account, directly apply to the party organization, in order to truly express their political pursue and determination. On the other hand, with the continuous progress of the society, people's cultural level unceasing enhancement, the general situations, party people have written our party wishes to Ability. Therefore, applicants for Party membership to submit a written application to the party organization, as well as Zhuang serious, is fully able to do that.Write an application to join the party, please apply for Party membership to the party that he has joined the party's desire and determination. On this very serious one thing, write the party application Shen people should pay attention to the following questions: (1): to seriously study the party constitution and relevant basic knowledge of the party, to truly understand the solution party. Based on the full understanding of the party, a comprehensive understanding of the party, solemnly made his political choice, establish the correct motivation to join the party party. On this basis, to contact the Department of actual thinking about their understanding of the party, to the party organization to heart, should not just copy the copy books, not to talk about real thoughts ((2). To be honest and loyal to the party, truthfully report to the party since. Has the political calendar history, I experience, social relations and its impact on their own on the situation, may not conceal or falsify. ((3) applications from the writing I. As a result of low level of education or other special reasons can not personally write to write, by my dictation, please others to write, but to explain himself to self written reasons, and signed by the applicant by stamp or thumbprint to Party organization.Apply to join the party should submit a written application to the general Party organization. This is because in a peaceful environment, the party application please people who generally have certain cultural knowledge, have the ability to write an application to join the party. Membership is a very strict and serious thing, unless you do not have the necessary conditions and ability, the applicant shall be required in the party to the party as written expression of their own will.The man was seriously ill because of membership, low cultural level, residual disability and other reasons, it is difficult to write an application to join the party, either by themselves, please help dictate the other comrades to write. But from writing applications to real expression of the applicant's understanding and attitude toward, and that the applicant can not personally self writing the reason, finally by applicants signature stamp or by hand.An application to join the party is the applicant for Party membership to the party organization to express their requirements to join the party's desire to express their political pursuit and determination for a form. One party is required, after serious consideration into account, is willing, is a serious political choice. Write the party for Shen the book is a very serious matter. Therefore, most of the requirements of the party who everyone write applications look very heavy, in addition to the content to reflect their true thoughts, to express their requirements into the desire to join the party, in the form of think of as beautiful, neat, clear, consistent with this applicants with psychological. In addition, With the continuous improvement of the level of science and technology, office automation degree is more and more high, many units have been the real implementation of the paperless office, document processing are operated by computer is. In this case, the party who write requirements in applications with computer printing, should should be allowed to be clear. Is a print, the party application, the applicant must be a signature stamp or thumbprint India. The Party branch must take this off at the receiving party application. This book is both responsible for the party organization, is also responsible for the party in the applicant.The Constitution clearly pointed out that the Communist Party members to "the party faithful honest and consistent". This not only is for every member of the requirements, also apply to join the Party comrades on each request. The so-called "honest", is to be open-minded, bright and Lei, loyal to the party and the people, loyal to the socialist society and the cause of communism, not to resort to deceit, not to conceal their problems, reflect the situation to the party, don't hide their shortcomings and mistakes. This is the basic requirement of each member to join their team Wuwu party.Honesty is decided by the nature of party loyalty to the party. The party except for the workers class and the broad masses of the people's interests, no special interests of their own. For each party comrades must be honest and loyal to the party, this is the new stage of the new century, need economic and strategic objectives the development of the society. The construction of socialist Chinese to each application to join the Party comrades can faithfully faithfully implement the party's line, principles and policies on the needle, thought in politics, the height of the party, consistent action. The party is not one of the table, is not for the party say in words, words and deeds are not A, even playing double faced style. This phenomenon must be resolutely overcome and correct decision, must from the application into the Party comrades. Only the start each party and each application to join the party with Comrade can follow the party will really improve the will of one heart and one mind, the combat effectiveness of the party organization.Be honest and loyal to the party: (11) to conscientiously study Marxism Leninism, Mao Mao Zedong thought, Deng Xiaoping theory and the important thought of "Three Represents", study the party's basic theory, basic line, basic program and basic experience, establish a correct outlook on life, overcoming the "honest people suffer" thought Comrade Zhou Enlai once said: "the most intelligent smart people in the world is the most honest people, because only the honest people can have it real and historical test. Only a set of wholehearted service to the people life outlook on life, be willing to tell the truth, do honestly, honest people do consciously, for the realization of communism Righteousness and selfless work. (2) to adhere to the principle, according to Party policy. For a request for the Party comrades, can adhere to the principle, according to the party's policy, is an important symbol to measure him honest and loyal to the party is the party. Therefore, in the matter of principle that is the party's line, principles, policies and other major issues, we must proceed from reality in everything, selfless and fearless, adhere to the principles, and be impartial and, no matter what the circumstances, have been tested, do not damage the party's interests. To dare not tell the truth. Do not tell lies. Truthfully report to the Party Organization Department in all aspects of their situation. Don't be on their own shortcomings, mistakes, but also to take the initiative to speak clearly to the party organizations, consciously put themselves in the supervision and help of the party organization.The party is a dynamic motivation, individual party the subjective reasons, that is to say his inner heart is not what want to join the party.All striving for and actively participate in the molecular China of the Communist Party, must correct motives are correctly solve the problem.. why constitution stipulates that the second party: "China were members of the Communist Party of the working class is Chinese with communist consciousness of the vanguard fighters. China Communist Party members must fully serve the people whole heart. All at the expense of personal sacrifice, for the realization of Communist struggle for life. China forever is a member of the Communist Party of the working people. In addition to laws and regulations within the scope of personal interests and the authority to work at all, Communist Party members must not seek any personal interests and privileges." the provisions of And for all people to volunteer for the party team, must establish a scientific outlook of communism, there must be for the realization of communism struggle to fight, even at the expense of all their determination to have the idea of serving the people wholeheartedly for the people, we must consciously obey the party and the people's interests with a personal interest, suffer first, enjoy, G has been dedication, not the name, not for profit, and definitely not. In all the difficulties and danger, can stand out the heroic struggle. Only with this motivation and persistence to everyone, only may be a true communist. Who do not like people, can not become a member of the Communist Party. To establish the correct motivation of joining the party, and the party organizations and Party members rely on help education, but mainly rely on their own subjective effort.The development of the Party member of the Communist Party of Chinese "work rules (Trial)" provisions: Party activists called through training and education for more than a year later, it can be classified as the development object. The reason is because in such requirements, apply to join the partycredit history, individual score of the borrower, loan purpose, source of payments, repayment options, guarantor of basic information and for loan amount, term, interest rate, payment methods, such as recommendations, if the customer agreed to process the business 2 / 10One hundred party knowledgeThe current and future periods, the development of the party staff's work principle is: "adhere to the standards, and ensure the quality, improve the structure, Shen heavy development." this is according to the temporary task and team members, facing the party, and the experience of the development of party work since the founding of new China, put forward the basic lessons. The meaning of this policy is to show the party members must strictly adhere to the provisions of the constitution of the party standard, and ensure the quality of new party members, and should help to gradually improve the structure by team members, all to improve the quality of Party members, improve the fighting capacity of the party, strengthen the party in the whole society and influence cohesion.The development of party work "sixteen words" policy, is an organic whole of dialectical unity, to fully understand and grasp the "Kennedy. Adhere to the standard" refers to the development of Party members must strictly adhere to the provisions of the constitution of the Party member standard, not lower standards or other standards. "Quality assurance", is to correctly handle the number of fingers with the quality of work, relationships, need and possibility, put quality first. "Improve structure", refers to the development of new party members to pay attention to reasonable structure, gradually improve the structure and distribution of Party members of the team, and to better play the role. "The party carefully". Is a must adhere to the individual absorption The principle of the development of a mature one, and strictly perform in the admission procedure, to prevent the Party member does not have the conditions of the people absorbed into the party. In the development of party work, it must understand correctly and comprehensively implement the "twenty-six words" policy, and avoid one sidedness and blindness, to ensure that work normally.The Communist Party is the working class with communist consciousness of the vanguard fighters are materialists and no atheists. The Communist Party only faith Ma Marxism Leninism, Mao Zedong thought, Deng Xiao Xiaoping theory and "Three Represents" important thought, not religion. On religion or have a strong religious feelings of the people can not develop to join the party.China is a multi-ethnic country, the common belief on ethnic minority areas, to participate in some people with ethnic customs and religious activities. In order not to distinguish from the masses, and just respect the national custom, in addition to some traditional funeral ceremony and the masses festival activities, should not be regarded as a religious faith to participate in religious activitiesThe chapter states: over 18 years old China workers, peasants, soldiers, intellectuals and sub sub advanced elements of other social strata China can apply to join the Communist Party.This is because: stating that 18 is the age limit for the party, because of a general, one to 18 weeks old to adult, can have a really determined political judgment, have the ability to force established their political beliefs and personal life ambition. At the same time, the provisions of the constitution apply please join the party people must have Chinese nationality citizens, foreigners will not be workers, peasants, soldiers, intellectuals and knowledge of other social strata to the advanced elements.The condition is applied to join the party constitution first stipulation: "over the age of eighteen China workers, farmers, soldiers, intellectuals and other advanced elements of his class, that program and consti